How to Get a Social Security Number as Recent Arrival (2025 Update)
Date of Information: 06/11/2025
Please check back often; these processes are changing.
What Changed in May 2025?
Important Update: In May 2025, the Social Security Administration (SSA) suspended its Enumeration Beyond Entry (EBE) program. See 20 CFR § 422.103. Previously, asylum seekers could check a box on Form I-765 to automatically receive a Social Security number (SSN) alongside their work permit (EAD).
What This Means:
✅ Before May 2025: You could request your SSN and EAD in one step.
❌ Now: You must apply for your SSN separately—in person at an SSA office.
“The SSA’s abrupt suspension of the auto-enumeration program has left thousands of work-authorized immigrants without access to basic services.”
What to Do Based on Your Immigration Status
Understanding how to apply for a Social Security number (SSN) depends on your current immigration situation. Follow the guidance below that matches your status.
🟢 If You Have Been Granted Asylum
You may receive your SSN card by mail automatically, but this is no longer guaranteed.
If you do not receive it within 10–14 days of your approval:
You must visit a local SSA office. Bring:
Your Form I-94 showing asylum status
Your asylum approval notice (Form I-797)
Your EAD card (if issued)
Your passport or another government-issued ID
⚠️ Some SSA offices may have unique local requirements. Be prepared to explain your asylum grant and provide all documentation.
🟡 If Your Asylum Case is Pending but You Have an EAD
You must now apply for your SSN separately. SSA no longer issues it automatically, even if you checked the SSN box on Form I-765.
To apply, bring these to your SSA office:
Your EAD card (unexpired)
Your passport or national photo ID
Your I-765 approval notice (Form I-797)
⛔ Do not wait for the SSN to arrive by mail. You must take action to apply in person.
🔴 If You Do Not Yet Have an EAD
You are not eligible to apply for an SSN at this time.
You must first apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) using Form I-765. Once approved, follow the guidance above.
🔗 Apply for an EAD (Form I-765)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Why did the process for obtaining a Social Security Number (SSN) change in May 2025?
In May 2025, USCIS and the Social Security Administration (SSA) updated their systems to streamline how immigrants and noncitizens apply for SSNs. The new process is designed to reduce duplicate paperwork and shorten wait times.
2. Can I still apply for a Social Security Number directly at the Social Security office?
Yes, but in many cases you can now request an SSN automatically when filing certain immigration forms (such as adjustment of status applications) with USCIS. This eliminates the need for a separate SSA visit.
3. Which immigration forms allow me to request an SSN automatically?
Currently, forms like the I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status) and select work authorization forms include the option to request an SSN at the same time. USCIS then transmits the data directly to SSA.
4. How long will it take to receive my SSN under the new process?
Most applicants will receive their Social Security card within 2–4 weeks after USCIS approves the application and forwards the information to SSA. If you need a number urgently, you may still visit an SSA office to apply directly.
5. What documents do I need if I go in person to the Social Security office?
You must bring proof of immigration status (such as an I-94, EAD, or Green Card), proof of age, and proof of identity. All documents must be original or certified copies.
6. Do asylum seekers and refugees apply under the new rules?
Yes. Asylum seekers and refugees who are granted status or work authorization can either receive an SSN through the USCIS-SSA data-sharing process or apply directly at SSA with the required documents.
7. What if I already had an SSN but lost my card?
If you already have an SSN, you should not apply for a new one. Instead, request a replacement card through SSA using Form SS-5 or the online portal if eligible.
8. Does the change affect nonimmigrant visa holders (like students or workers)?
Yes. Certain nonimmigrants (F-1 students, H-1B workers, etc.) who are employment-authorized may also benefit from the updated process. If your visa status allows you to work, you can apply for an SSN directly at SSA or, in some cases, through USCIS-SSA data sharing.
9. How does this update help immigrants overall?
The update reduces processing delays, prevents duplicate SSN applications, and makes it easier for new residents and workers to begin employment, open bank accounts, and access services more quickly.
Charles International Law Can Help
Charles International Law is actively working to assist clients navigating this confusing transition.
However, early experience suggests that local SSA offices are handling this process differently across the country.
⚠️ Until SSA implements a standardized national procedure, each client may need to follow the unique requirements of their local Social Security office, including variations in required documents, appointment procedures, and processing timelines.
We are gathering feedback from clients and remain committed to streamlining support as more clarity emerges.